![]() Mo (U) 8s “You are steering a dangerous course”, e.g. Typical lights with colour, period and phase characteristics: This special purpose light is typically used for special applications requiring the exercise of great caution. In this example Al WG is shown, alternating between green and white. Ultra quick: repetition rate of 160 or more – usually either 240 to 300 – flashes per minute.Ī combination of flashes and long-flashes equivalent to Morse code, in this example the letter “A”: Mo (A), which is often used to indicate safe water. Very quick: repetition rate of 80 to 159 – usually either 100 or 120 – flashes per minute. Quick: repetition rate of 50 to 79 – usually either 50 or 60 – flashes per minute. This light has one long flash (2 seconds or longer) in a period. In this example the first 2 flashes followed by the pattern of 3 flashes result in: Fl (2+1) This example has three flashes grouped per period: Fl (3)Ī combination of two patterns in one period. Isophase: duration of light and darkness equal.įlashing: less than 50 per minute, and total duration of light shorter than total duration of darkness. Occulting is the opposite of flashing the light is more on than off. Occulting: total duration of light longer than total duration of darkness. Often the F is left out, being the default class of light. In this example a yellow fixed light F Y is shown. This light shines with an unblinking and steady intensity and is always on. Intrinsically, the faster the changes, the more important (or greater) the danger that is covered by the light. Phase characteristic: the particular pattern of changes within one complete cycle (hence, within one period).Period: the time in seconds needed for one complete cycle of changes.įor example the marker indicates the 10 second period of the two flashes including 8 seconds of darkness of a “Fl (2) 10s” light.Įxcept for notably FL (5) 20s, Q (9) 15s and Q (6) + LFL 15s practically all lights have a period of 3 – 10 seconds. ![]() ![]() On regular charts a white, red, yellow or green lights will be indicated by, whereas on displays and modern multi-coloured charts in specific colours, such as, with the yellow coloured lobe indicating a white light, or if labelled Y, a yellow light. If no colour is stated in the chart, the default is white. Colour: either W white, R red, G green, Y yellow, Or Orange or Bu blue.There are three features to describe the light: Yet, during the night, we use the features of the AtoN's light to both identify it and ascertain its purpose. The shape of the topmark is essential.ĭuring daytime, the identification of aids to navigation is accomplished by observing: location, shape, colour scheme, auxiliary features (sound signals, RACON) or markings (name, number, etc). īeacons – which are mostly fixed and not floating – have only one elongated and upright shape. The standard buoy shapes are cylindrical (can), conical (nun), spherical, pillar and spar, but variations occur, e.g. ![]()
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